Effect of sevoflurane on serum CK-MB levels after percutaneous coronary stent placement: A prospective randomized clinical trial

OBJECTIVES. Markers of myocardial injury, such as creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) mass, are elevated in up to 30% of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent deployment. This elevation represents myocardial injury that can impact the patient in the long term, including the risk of death. Sevoflurane, an inhaled anesthetic, may have cardioprotective properties that benefit patients undergoing PCI. The primary objective was to compare serum CK-MB mass raise in patients who received sevoflurane to those who received a placebo prior to PCI. METHODS. We enrolled patients with coronary artery disease who were eligible for PCI in a randomized (1:1), double-blind, placebo-controlled trial; patients having experienced acute myocardial infarction within 72 hours and those with saphenous vein graft stenting were excluded. Patients (n = 1254) were randomized to receive sevoflurane (2% inspired fraction) or placebo (oxygen alone) for 30 minutes prior to PCI. Additionally, we compared substantial elevations in CK-MB mass (defined as >5x the upper limit of normal), length of stay in the intensive care unit and in-hospital, and 1-year mortality. RESULTS. Sevoflurane was unable to promote cardioprotection, as determined by CK-MB mass levels (sevoflurane group: 2.52 ± 9.64; control group: 1.84 ± 8.58; P=.32). No effect was noticed on the reduction among patients who (AQ: with?) increase (AQ: increased?) marker levels (prevalence of increase in CK-MB mass greater than the upper limit of normality was 30.8% in the sevoflurane group and 28.9% in the control group; P=.33; 4.6% vs 3.1%, respectively, for increases 5x above the upper limit of normality [P=.21]). CONCLUSIONS. Sevoflurane failed to reduce myocardial injury after PCI. Therefore, its usage should not be routinely recommended.

Effect of sevoflurane on serum CK-MB levels after percutaneous coronary stent placement: A prospective randomized clinical trial.

OBJECTIVES: Markers of myocardial injury, such as creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) mass, are elevated in up to 30% of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent deployment. This elevation represents myocardial injury that can impact the patient in the long term, including the risk of death. Sevoflurane, an inhaled anesthetic, may have cardioprotective properties that benefit patients undergoing PCI. The primary objective was to compare serum CK-MB mass raise in patients who received sevoflurane to those who received a placebo prior to PCI. METHODS: We enrolled patients with coronary artery disease who were eligible for PCI in a randomized (1:1), double-blind, placebo-controlled trial; patients having experienced acute myocardial infarction within 72 hours and those with saphenous vein graft stenting were excluded. Patients (n = 1254) were randomized to receive sevoflurane (2% inspired fraction) or placebo (oxygen alone) for 30 minutes prior to PCI. Additionally, we compared substantial elevations in CK-MB mass (defined as >5x the upper limit of normal), length of stay in the intensive care unit and in-hospital, and 1-year mortality. RESULTS: Sevoflurane was unable to promote cardioprotection, as determined by CK-MB mass levels (sevoflurane group: 2.52 ± 9.64; control group: 1.84 ± 8.58; P=.32). No effect was noticed on the reduction among patients who (AQ: with?) increase (AQ: increased?) marker levels (prevalence of increase in CK-MB mass greater than the upper limit of normality was 30.8% in the sevoflurane group and 28.9% in the control group; P=.33; 4.6% vs 3.1%, respectively, for increases 5x above the upper limit of normality [P=.21]). CONCLUSIONS: Sevoflurane failed to reduce myocardial injury after PCI. Therefore, its usage should not be routinely recommended.

Decreasing mortality withdrotrecogin alfa in high riskseptic patientsA meta-analysis ofrandomized trials in adultpatients with multiple organfailure and mortality

Objective. Sepsis is a complex inflammatory disease, rising in response to infection. Drotrecogin alfa, approved in 2001 forsevere sepsis, has been withdrawn from the market. The aim of this study was to assess if drotrecogin alfa-activated canreduce mortality in the more severe septic patients.Methods. We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, BioMedCentral, and in Clinicaltrials. gov databases to identify everyrandomized study performed on drotrecogin alfa-activated in any clinical setting in humans, without restrictions on dose ortime of administration. Our primary end-point was mortality rate in high risk patients. Secondary endpoints were mortality inall patients, in patients with an Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) 2 score ≥ 25 and in those withan APACHE 2 score ≤25.Results. Five trials were identified and included in the analysis. They randomized 3196 patients to drotrecogin alfa and 3111to the control group. Drotrecogin alfa was associated with a reduction in mortality (99/263 [37.6%] vs 115/244 [47.1%], riskratios (RR) = 0.80[0.65; 0.98], p = 0.03) in patients with multiple organ failure and a mortality risk in the control group of>40%, but not in the overall population or in lower risk populations.Conclusions. In high risk populations of patients with multiple organ failure and a mortality of >40% in the control group,Drotrecogin alfa may still have a role as a lifesaving treatment. No beneficial effect in low risk patients was found. An individualpatient meta-analysis including all randomized controlled trial on sepsis is warranted, along with new studies on similardrugs such as protein C zymogen.